Cascade (chemical engineering)

In chemical engineering, a cascade is a plant consisting of several similar stages with each processing the output from the previous stage. Cascades are most commonly used in isotope separation, distillation and other separation or purification processes.

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Examples

If a still removes 99% of impurities from water (leaving .01 the original amount of impurities), a cascade of three stills will leave (1-0.99)³ = 0.000001 = 0.0001% the amount of impurities (99.9999% removed).