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Cycloserine



Cycloserine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
4-aminoisoxazolidin-3-one
Identifiers
CAS number 68-41-7
ATC code J04AB01
PubChem 401
DrugBank APRD00894
Chemical data
Formula C3H6N2O2 
Mol. mass 102.092 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability ~70% to 90%
Metabolism Hepatic
Half life 10 hrs (normal renal function)
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

C

Legal status
Routes Oral

Cycloserine is an oral broad spectrum antibiotic effective against tuberculosis, by inhibiting cell wall synthesis of TB bacilli at early stage of peptidoglycan synthesis. For the treatment against tuberculosis, it is classified as a second line drug.

It is also being trialed for treatment of phobias as well as an adjuvant to conventional treatments for depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and schizophrenia. It has been experimentally used for treatment of Gaucher's disease.

Recent research suggests that D-cycloserine may be effective in treating chronic pain.[1]

The side effects are mainly CNS manifestations i.e. headache, irritability, depression, convulsions. Co-administration of pyridoxine can reduce the incidence of some of the CNS side effects(e.g. convulsions).

These psychotropic responses are related to D-cycloserine's action as a partial agonist of the neuronal NMDA receptor for glutamate and have been examined in implications with sensory-related fear extinction in the amygdala. See Michael Davis, Barbara Rothbaum, Kerry Ressler et al. and their work with PTSD at Emory University's School of Medicine. [1]

References

  1. ^ Picower Institute speakers (2005). "EChange Your Mind: Memory and Disease — Worldwide". MIT World Video Archive.
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Cycloserine". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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