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Monitoring ligand binding for material analysis through the use of HR-US Titration analysis

07 Apr 2006 - Ultrasonic Scientific Ltd. presented a method to monitor ligand binding for material analysis through the use of HR-US Titration analysis . According to the company, this novel technique is capable of analysing molecular bindings with or without minimum sample preparation in both dilute and concentrated samples as well as in the original sample without immobilising and dilution. It is extremely sensitive, non-destructive, can be used in non-transparent dispersions and requires small sample volumes down to 0.04 mL.
 
A ligand binds on a macromolecule's surface by intermolecular forces. Ligand binding is a process of particularly high importance as a wide variety of physiological processes are the reflection of ligand interactions with macromolecules, especially with proteins or nucleic acids. Ligand binding is usually reversible and leads to a structural rearrangement of the molecules in question thus altering their susceptibility to participating in other types of chemical reactions.
 
The HR-US Titration systems operation is based on the precision measurements of velocity and attenuation of the ultrasonic waves propagating through the analysed sample. Ultrasonic velocity provides information on the high-frequency elasticity of the sample, which is determined by intermolecular forces and is extremely sensitive to any change in hydration, molecular structure of the sample and conformation of polymers. Ultrasonic attenuation is determined by the energy losses in the ultrasonic wave and allows analysis of particle size, kinetics of fast chemical reactions and aggregation.