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Daclizumab



Daclizumab?
Therapeutic monoclonal antibody
Source Humanized
Target CD25
Identifiers
CAS number 152923-56-3
ATC code L04AA08
PubChem  ?
DrugBank BTD00007
Chemical data
Formula C6332H9808N1678O1989S42 
Mol. mass 142612.1 g/mol
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability  ?
Metabolism  ?
Half life 20 days
Excretion  ?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.

C

Legal status
Routes IV

Daclizumab (Zenapax) is a humanized monoclonal antibody to the IL-2Rα receptor of T cells. It is used to prevent rejection in organ transplantation, especially in kidney transplants.

It is given in multiple doses, the first 1 hour before the transplant operation and 5 further doses given at two week intervals after the transplant. These saturate the receptors and prevent T cell activation and thus prevent formation of antibodies against the transplant.

Like the similar drug basiliximab, daclizumab reduces the incidence and severity of acute rejection in kidney transplantation without increasing the incidence of opportunistic infections.

Daclizumab can also be used in place of a calcineurin-inhibitor (ciclosporin or tacrolimus) in the early phase after kidney transplantation when the kidney is recovering and vulnerable to calcineurin-inhibitor toxicity. This has been shown to be beneficial in non-heart beating donor kidney transplantation.

In the United Kingdom, the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence has recommended its use be considered for all kidney transplant recipients.

In 2006 it began a Phase II clinical trial that finished in 2007 as a possible Multiple Sclerosis treatment. Participants were nine patients with multiple sclerosis not controlled with interferon. Daclizumab was effective in reducing lesions and improving clinical scores.[1][2]

Daclizumab has also been used to arrest the progression of autoimmune diseases, especially birdshot retinochoroidopathy.

References

  1. ^ Information from PDL Biopharma on its clinical trial for daclizumab [1]
  2. ^ Rose JW, Burns JB, Bjorklund J, Klein J, Watt HE, Carlson NG (2007). "Daclizumab phase II trial in relapsing and remitting multiple sclerosis: MRI and clinical results". Neurology 69 (8): 785–9. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000267662.41734.1f. PMID 17709711.
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Daclizumab". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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