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Cyanamide



Cyanamide
IUPAC name Cyanamide
Other names Amidocyanogen, carbamonitrile, carbimide, carbodiimide, cyanoamine, cyanoazane, N-cyanoamine, cyanogenamide, cyanogen nitride, hydrogen cyanamide
Identifiers
CAS number 420-04-2
EINECS number 206-992-3
RTECS number GS5950000
SMILES N#CN
Properties
Molecular formula CH2N2
Molar mass 42.04 g/mol
Appearance Crystalline solid
Density 1.28 g/cm3 at 20 °C
Melting point

42 °C

Boiling point

260 °C (decomp.)
83 °C at 6.7 Pa
140 °C at 2.5 kPa

Solubility in water 775 g/l at 15 °C
Solubility Organic solvents
Hazards
Main hazards Toxic (T)
NFPA 704
1
4
3
 
R-phrases R21 R25 R36/38 R43
S-phrases (S1/2) S3 S22 S36/37 S45
Flash point 141 °C
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)
Infobox disclaimer and references

Cyanamide (CN2H2) is an amide of cyanogen, a white, crystalline compound.

The term can also refer to a salt of this compound, having one or both of the hydrogen atoms replaced by another element or radical, such as in the most common case of calcium cyanamide (CaCN2), a compound used as a fertilizer and as a source of other compounds of nitrogen.

Contents

Chemistry

Cyanamide can be prepared by hydrolysis of calcium cyanamide in presence of carbon dioxide by Frank-Caro process:

\mathrm{CaCN_2 + H_2O + CO_2 \ \rightarrow \ H_2NCN + CaCO_3}

Uses

Since mid-1960s, there have been developed procedures to produce stabilized for industry use. Cyanamide is used as a plant growth modulator and has many uses in chemical industry.

Safety risks

Aqueous solutions of cyanamide with high concentration may undergo explosive polymerisation when heated. Stability of its solution can be increased by addition of a dicarboxylic acid such as adipic acid.[1]

References

  1. ^ Cyanamide aqueous solution
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Cyanamide". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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