Crystallization

Companies Crystallization

Berthold Technologies GmbH & Co KG, Germany

Berthold Technologies has been involved in process measurement technology since 1949. We are an internationally active company with over 300 employees. Berthold Technologies Process Control division offers one of the most comprehensive product lines for non-contact monitoring of industrial process more

Products Crystallization

Real-Time Microscopy of Crystals, Particles and Droplets

ParticleView real-time microscopy is an easy-to-use PAT tool that records high resolution images of particles and particle structures. more

News Crystallization

• Nanometre gaps can crystallise liquids
  

  Very narrow gaps make liquids crystallise partially. X-ray investigations at DESY show that in gaps just a few molecule diameters wide both, liquid and crystal properties of a material can exist at the same time. The observation of this coexistence is important for all liquids in very small cavities more

• Watching two-dimensional materials grow
  

  Atomically thin crystals will play an ever greater role in future – but how can their crystallisation process be controlled? A new method is now opening up new possibilities. They are among the thinnest structures on earth: “two dimensional materials” are crystals which consist of only one or a few more

• A new method to detect nucleation

  As a solution evaporates, the dissolved chemicals concentrate until they begin forming a crystal through a process called nucleation. Industries that use small crystals in pharmaceuticals, food and microelectronics are seeking to understanding this nucleation event. Scientists studying nucleation of more

Videos Crystallization

Watching water freeze: Ice Crystal Growth Time-Lapse

Every winter, snow and ice makes roads slick in cold climates. This phenomenon is ages old, but to gain a deeper understanding of how ice crystals forms, scientists have been working on new ways to watch crystals grow in real time. more

“Perfect Glass”

Princeton University researchers have developed a computational model for creating a "perfect glass" that never crystallizes — even at absolute zero. The molecular structure of a glass suggests it should have liquid properties, yet it behaves with the rigidity of a solid. The researchers expande ... more

Pulling Apart Titanium Oxide Surfaces

Researchers slowly pull apart tiny bits of a titanium oxide mineral called rutile. The red dots near the top show the starting point. As the bottom half is pulled down, the top half stays attached by van der Waals forces -- until, that is, the pull becomes too great. The tips are about a thousan ... more

White papers Crystallization

• Absolute Molar Mass Characterisation
  

  Multi-angle light scattering coupled to SEC or other fractionation methods can provide an absolute means for measuring the molar mass, size and distribution of proteins, polymers and particles of all sorts. Wyatt Technology's MALS also enables the el more

• Automated Dynamic Light Scattering
  

  DLS analysis is a widely applied, non-invasive method for measuring the effective size of molecules in solution. This technique yields valuable information for the characterization of molecules and particles. It facilitates formerly laborious and tim more

Infographics Crystallization

The Shapes of Snowflakes

In the Northern Hemisphere at least, the idealised vision of Christmas involves snow. Whilst no one snowflake is exactly the same as another, at least on a molecular level, scientists have none-the-less devised a system of classification for the many types of crystals that snow can form. This graphi more

National Chemistry Week

In this graphic, we look at the amazing versatility of sucrose, and how (combined with other ingredients) it can make candies as hard as lollipops, or as soft as fudge. Whilst there are a huge variety of candies available, we can actually divide them into just two main categories: crystalline and no more

The Chemistry of Ice Cream

Ice cream is a mainstay of summer – for many, a trip to the beach would be incomplete without one. Despite its seeming simplicity, ice cream is a prime example of some fairly complex chemistry. This graphic takes a look at some of the ingredients that go into ice cream, and the important role they p more

Events Crystallization

Publications Crystallization

• Diversity of crystal structures and physicochemical properties of ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin salts with fumaric acid

  The crystallization of norfloxacin and ciprofloxacin – antibacterial fluoroquinolone compounds – with fumaric acid resulted in the isolation of six distinct solid forms of the drugs with different stoichiometries and hydration levels. Each salt can be selectively obtained by mechanochemical treatmen more

• Oriented Surface Nucleation and Crystal Growth in a 18 BaO[middle dot]22 CaO[middle dot]60 SiO2 mol% Glass Used for SOFC Seals

  A glass of the composition 37BaO·16CaO·47SiO2 wt% produced on an industrial scale is crystallized at 970 °C for times ranging from 15 min to 2 h. The crystallization at the immediate surface as well as the crystal growth into the bulk are analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) including e more

• How small amounts of Ge modify the formation pathways and crystallization of kesterites

  The inclusion of Ge into the synthesis of Cu2ZnSn(S,Se)4 absorbers for kesterite solar cells has been proven to be a very efficient way to boost the device efficiency in a couple of recent publications. This highlights the importance to elucidate the mechanisms by which Ge improves the kesterite sol more

q&more articles Crystallization

• The Beginning of the End?
  

  Those of us who have been either directly involved in, or on the periphery of, the pharmaceutical industry over the last decade have seen at first hand a dramatic change. Times change, and technology changes. Take computer data storage for example. Not so long ago, the floppy disk was state of the art, replaced by the CD-ROM, and then by the USB drive. more