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Acrylic acid



Acrylic acid
IUPAC name 2-propenoic acid
Other names Acroleic acid
Ethylenecarboxylic acid
Propene acid
Propenoic acid
Vinylformic acid
Identifiers
CAS number 79-10-7
RTECS number AS4375000
SMILES C=CC(=O)O
Properties
Molecular formula CH2=CHCOOH
Molar mass 72.06 g/mol
Appearance clear, colorless liquid
Density 1.051 g/ml, liquid
Melting point

12 °C (285 K)

Boiling point

139 °C (412 K)

Solubility in water Unlimited
Acidity (pKa) 4.25
Viscosity 1.3 cP at 20 °C
Hazards
MSDS -

MainHazards = Corrosive (C),
Dangerous for the
environment (N)

R-phrases R10, R20/21/22,
R35, R50
S-phrases S26, S36/37/39,
S45, S61
Flash point 46 °C
Except where noted otherwise, data are given for
materials in their standard state
(at 25 °C, 100 kPa)

Infobox disclaimer and references

Acrylic acid or 2-propenoic acid is a chemical compound (formula C3H4O2) and it is the simplest unsaturated carboxylic acid with both a double bond and a carboxyl group linked to its C3. In its pure form, acrylic acid is a clear, colorless liquid with a characteristic acrid odor. It is miscible with water, alcohols, ethers and chloroform. Acrylic acid is produced from propylene, a gaseous product of oil refineries.

Acrylic acid undergoes the typical reactions of a carboxylic acid and, when reacted with an alcohol, it will form the corresponding ester. The esters and salts of acrylic acid are collectively known as acrylates (or propenoates). The most common alkyl esters of acrylic acid are methyl-, butyl-, ethyl- and 2-ethylhexyl-acrylate.

Acrylic acid and its esters readily combine with themselves or other monomers (e.g amides, acrylonitrile, vinyl, styrene and butadiene) by reacting at their double bond, forming homopolymers or copolymers which are used in the manufacture of various plastics, coatings, adhesives, elastomers as well as floor polishes and paints.

Safety

Acrylic acid is severely irritating and corrosive to the skin. Eye contact can result in severe corneal burns and may result in irreversible injury. Inhalation of vapors may cause irritation to the respiratory tract, drowsiness or headache, although simply smelling the monomers does not mean you are being exposed to a hazard (air monitoring is necessary to determine exposure). The odor is described as pungent and acrid. Low exposure will cause minimal or no health effects, while high exposure could result in pulmonary edema.

See also

  • Acrylate polymers
  • Sodium polyacrylate
 
This article is licensed under the GNU Free Documentation License. It uses material from the Wikipedia article "Acrylic_acid". A list of authors is available in Wikipedia.
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