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Dezocine


Dezocine
Systematic (IUPAC) name
(5α,11α,13S)-13-amino-5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12-octahydro -5-methyl-5,11-methanobenzocyclodecen-3-ol
Identifiers
CAS number	53648-55-8
ATC code	N02AX03
PubChem	40841
DrugBank	APRD00912
Chemical data
Formula	C₁₆H₂₃N O
Mol. mass	245.36 g/mol
Synonyms	Dezocine, Dalgan
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	?
Metabolism	Hepatic
Half life	2.2 hours
Excretion	?
Therapeutic considerations
Pregnancy cat.	?
Legal status
Routes	intramuscular injection

Dezocine (Dalgan, WY-16225) is an opioid analgesic related to pentazocine, with a similar profile of effects that include analgesic action and euphoria at low doses,^[1] but produces dysphoria and hallucinations at high doses, most likely due to action at κ-opioid receptors.^[2]^[3]

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Dezocine has been found to be an effective painkiller comparable to meperidine (pethidine),^[4] and so is a more effective analgesic than pentazocine, but causes relatively more respiratory depression than pentazocine.^[5] It is a useful drug for the treatment of pain,^[6] but side effects such as dizziness limit its clinical application,^[7] and it can produce opioid withdrawal syndrome in patients already dependent on other opioids.^[8]

Dezocine is unusual among opioids as it is the only primary amine known to be an active opioid. It is a mixed agonist-antagonist as with other drugs in this class,^[9] and despite having a stronger respiratory depressant effect than morphine, dezocine shows a ceiling effect on its respiratory depressive action so above a certain dose this effect does not get any more severe.^[10]

References

^ Zacny JP, Lichtor JL, de Wit H. Subjective, behavioral, and physiologic responses to intravenous dezocine in healthy volunteers. Anesthesia and Analgesia. 1992 Apr;74(4):523-30.
^ Jacobs AM, Youngblood F. Opioid receptor affinity for agonist-antagonist analgesics. Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association. 1992 Oct;82(10):520-4.
^ Gharagozlou P, Hashemi E, DeLorey TM, Clark JD, Lameh J. Pharmacological profiles of opioid ligands at kappa opioid receptors. BMC Pharmacology. 2006 Jan 25;6:3.
^ Camu F, Gepts E. Analgesic properties of dezocine for relief of postoperative pain. Acta Anaesthesiologica Belgica. 1979;30 Suppl:183-91.
^ Wuest HP, Bellville JW. The respiratory effects of dezocine and pentazocine in man. Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. 1979 Apr;19(4):205-10.
^ O'Brien JJ, Benfield P. Dezocine. A preliminary review of its pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties, and therapeutic efficacy. Drugs. 1989 Aug;38(2):226-48.
^ Oosterlinck W, Verbaeys A. Preliminary clinical experience with dezocine, a new potent analgesic. Current Medical Research and Opinion. 1980;6(7):472-4.
^ Strain EC, Preston KL, Liebson IA, Bigelow GE. Opioid antagonist effects of dezocine in opioid-dependent humans. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 1996 Aug;60(2):206-17.
^ Young AM, Stephens KR, Hein DW, Woods JH. Reinforcing and discriminative stimulus properties of mixed agonist-antagonist opioids. Journal Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics. 1984 Apr;229(1):118-26.
^ Romagnoli A, Keats AS. Ceiling respiratory depression by dezocine. Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics. 1984 Mar;35(3):367-73.

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